After the founding of new China

 After the founding of new China, especially since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Party, with the rapid economic and social development, the city's urban and rural incomes and living standards in a row on a few big steps, consumption structure and living environment has undergone significant change, urban and rural whole living from the poor to achieve food and clothing and then off a historic leap.

one, the residents income

reform and opening up, due to various historical and practical reasons, the city's stagnating economy and people's lives. After the reforms, rapid economic development, urban and rural incomes growing realization that development and then from wandering off the cross.

statistics, the city's per capita disposable income of urban residents in 1981 (no statistical data prior to 1981) to 494 yuan to 12,453 yuan in 2007, 27, an increase of 24.2 times the average annual growth of 13.2 %. After the Third Plenary Session of the Party, the rural household contract responsibility system introduced to the main content of economic reform, the income of rural residents continued to bring new opportunities for rapid growth; in 2003, the state shall be exempted from agricultural tax, and the gradual implementation of food, seeds, agricultural subsidies and other subsidies, a series of preferential agricultural, animal husbandry and implementation of the policy benefits, but also effectively promoted the growth of peasant incomes. By 2007 the city's per capita net income of farmers reached 3,966 yuan, 294 yuan more than the 1981 increase of 3672 yuan, the annual average increase of 11.8%.

With the fast economic development of the city, the people's money in his pocket more and more. In 1978 the city's savings deposits of urban and rural residents was only 46.43 million yuan, in 2007 soared to 38.6 billion, an increase of 830 times; per capita savings deposits from the 9 per soared to 7,103 yuan.

Second, the residents living conditions

30 years of reform and opening up, Changde City, and even the whole of China has undergone enormous changes. Thirty years ago the people to survive and food and clothing, three years later, people seek quality, and enjoy. It has changed over the years to food, clothing and other subsistence-based single pattern of consumption structure clearly demonstrated to reduce the proportion of subsistence, development and enjoyment raise the proportion of the trend. Here we clothing, food, housing, transportation, science, medicine, with seven areas to reflect the city's reform and opening up 30 years great changes in people's lives.

1, clothing

people clothing from the past drab gray color, black and blue to today's colorful; style tunic from the past, military uniform to the present , worsted fabrics, at present, people's clothing no matter the color, style and quality are quite different.

reform, because people have money on hand, also very scarce commodity, After the reform, people's consumption concept gradually changing, people no longer simply concerned about the level of prices, but more focus on practical, brand, style and personality, clothing gentrification, fashion, branding, personalization, diversification into clothing consumption, a trend, business wear, casual wear, sportswear has become many families standing. 2007 urban residents per capita clothing expenditure 820.1 yuan, up 13.1 times over 1989, per capita purchase of clothing 6; rural per capita clothing expenditure of 182.7 yuan, 5.9 times increase compared to 1981.

2, food

Gone are the days supply of tickets, in the past used to buy daily necessities,

planned economy in the long period of years, people can not do without meat, grain and oil to buy tickets. With the reform and opening up the economic development, material supply on the market getting rich, it also quietly on the table has changed in the past Hunxing rare essential goods of life now. During this period, residents of the food consumption structure has also undergone significant changes, nutrition, convenience has become the fashion. In quantity to meet the same time, the pursuit of confrontation has reached a higher level of convenience, nutrition, healthy green food much the favor of the majority of households, nutrition, pollution-free food has become the mainstream of food consumption. Saving time, effort, health and convenience foods has been welcomed by the majority of the residents. Friends and family together to the hotel, restaurant meals or buy food ready-made meals has been popular at home. Urban and rural residents in 2007 the per capita expenditure for food was 3,207 yuan and 1,777 yuan, 12.8 times in 1981 and 10.3 times, respectively, by the Engel coefficient of 63.6% in 1981, 54.5% to 41.2% in 2007, 46.9 %. Dry and fresh fruits, milk and other types of households is essential. In 2007, urban residents per capita of meat, poultry, eggs and aquatic products in the Consumer 905 yuan; 196 yuan per capita consumption of fresh and dried fruits; pastries, milk and milk products consumption of 124 yuan, while urban residents in 1981, the per capita expenditure on other food is only 26.4 dollars. Social progress so that the residents obviously accelerated the pace of life, residents outside the food consumption increased year by year, 2007, the total urban and rural household per capita reached 547 yuan, respectively, eating out and 309 yuan, accounting for the proportion of food expenses were 17% and 17.3%.

3, live

60 years from the last century, the cottage, 70 Tongzilou, 80 unit building, 90's Ershiyiting Sanshiyiting to the new century high-rise, duplex houses, villas, Housing conditions are all a reflection of the greatly improved. Before the reform, farmers live in thatched hair with little brick houses. After the reforms, the rural brick houses are slowly increased recently, and to the 21st century, the buildings have become commonplace, with the gradual deepening of the new rural construction in some places there are plans to build the villas of farmers into the film. In 2007, rural per capita living expenditure of 577 yuan, up 27.6 times higher than in 1981. Per capita housing area of 1981 to 18.1 square meters to 44.8 square meters in 2007, an increase of 1.5 times. Per capita housing area in the housing area of brick and reinforced concrete in 2007 reached 44.3 square meters, was 11.9 times in 1981. During this period, the per capita housing area of urban residents also increased, a corresponding package of housing facilities. According to the survey, in 2007 the per capita housing area of urban residents was 33.1 square meters, an increase of 27.1 square meters in 1981. The improvement of living conditions is more obvious, as of the end of 2007, 89.4% of urban households live in housing on the unit matching, 88.1% of households living room with toilet bathroom, 82.1% of households use gas or liquefied petroleum gas,cheap UGG boots, nearly 90.7 % of households have all or part of the housing property.

improvement of housing conditions increase the housing consumption expenditure of urban and rural residents. 1981 urban residents per capita consumption of 10.8 yuan residence, including water and electricity fuel costs 4.4 yuan, respectively, consumer spending accounted for 1.4% and 1%; 2007 per capita living consumption expenditure of urban residents increased to 1,172 yuan, water, electricity and fuel increased to 559 yuan, respectively, 107.5-fold increase over that of 1981 and 126 times the consumption ratio increased to 13.1%, respectively, and 6.2%. Farmers 577 yuan per capita living consumption is 14.4 times in 1981.

4, line

out only on two legs in the past, his family have a very good bicycle travel. If you go a little further away, can only squeeze cars. Now, the gradual improvement of transportation infrastructure, a variety of means of transport such as aircraft, trains, buses, are free to choose,UGG boots clearance, people greatly expanded space.

increase in income increased the purchasing power of people, previously used means of bicycles in the city now become a leisure tool, motorcycle in rural areas are slowly being replaced by faster and more convenient means of transport such as motorcycles, car is gradually entering people's homes, in 2007, every hundred urban residents have a family car 2.65, the farmers have a life car 0.23, with a motorcycle 37.64, while the 1981 has no such statistics. Urban residents in 1981, 3.5 yuan per capita expenditure on transport in 2007, jumped to 334.7 yuan.

5, Science

reform and opening up, a serious shortage of educational resources, education, the rights of a minority who go to school who do not attend school, and what the school on the whole a piece of paper recommended by the decision. After the reforms, educational order gradually returned to normal, with the national economic strength, to increase investment in education, the implementation of nine-year compulsory education, university enrollment, tuition and fees for rural compulsory education free of private capital to the late 90s began to enter the field of education educational resources gradually, the object of education is slowly turning to the general public from the part.

development of productive forces and social progress, the pressure of competition for jobs gradually changed people's concept of education, reading is not reading a sample, read more read less a kind of concept has become history, reading to the focus on schools, extra-curricular teaching expertise but also your family, education spending is now an important part of household spending. In 1981, the city's culture of rural residents per capita and life services expenditures 4.7 yuan, accounting for only 1.9% of consumption expenditure; urban residents per capita cultural and life services expenditures 6.7 yuan, accounting for 1.5% of consumption expenditure. By 2007, the city's rural residents, cultural education and entertainment expenses 389.3 yuan,UGG boots, in 1981 to 82.8 times, accounting for living expenses 10.3%, higher than in 1981 increased 8.4 percentage points; urban residents per capita cultural and educational entertainment spending 1,093 yuan, in 1981 163.1 times that year, accounting for 12.2% of living expenses, higher than in 1981 increased 10.7 percentage points. Currently, the city's school-age children enrollment rate and the consolidation rate remained at 99.8%, secondary school enrollment rate and retention rate also remained at 99.5%, the proportion of junior high school graduates to high school stage to 88.5%, has been basically popularized high school education.

6, Medicine

a unit of people have health care. Since reform and opening, the city's health care system has been greatly improved, since 1982, Changde actively promote a variety of forms of rural doctors do in 2002, the city conducted a rural health reform, 80% of the hospitals in the county on the collection tube , rural medical and health service capacity and standards to improve; 1997, began to pilot the new rural cooperative medical care; 2007, Changde medical insurance for urban residents as a national pilot project, has officially launched, Changde City in recent years, great efforts to introduce private capital to build more levels of the health care system, and gradually form a pattern of diversified health office. Thus, the multi-level, wide coverage of the health care system has been formed.

income levels increase, the improvement of medical facilities, the treatment level of progress, is slowly changing the people's health care skills and concepts. In 2007, urban residents per capita health expenditure 815.9 yuan, accounting for 9.1% of living expenses, more than 1981-year high of 2.9 percentage points; rural residents per capita health expenditure 193.8 yuan, accounting for 5.1% of living expenses.

7, with

residents a variety of durable consumer goods by the Watches, sewing machines, bicycles the last century, sixties and seventies people yearn for the home.

reform and opening up, the city passed a consumer from low to high, from simple to complete, from subsistence to wealth of escalation process. Household ownership of modern consumer durables, from scratch, from less to more rapid increase in popularity. People to buy consumer goods from 70 of the hundred-level million level the eleventh century, ten million level in the computer, automotive, commercial, consumer level greatly increased. Digital electronic products, housing, automotive, communications, consumer, represented by a new round of hot spots has been formed,UGG bailey button, durable consumer goods began to enter the home. The end of 2007, every hundred urban households owned an average of 121.2 color TV sets, refrigerators 94.7 units, 98 sets of washing machines, microwave ovens 54.3 units 88.1 units shower water heaters, cameras, 19.2. Consumer durable goods, every hundred rural households have a refrigerator, 24.1 units, 116.7 TV sets, washing machines 37.4 units. As of late 2007, every hundred urban households owned 81.5 fixed telephone, a mobile phone 150.3, 41.6 units with a home computer; every hundred rural residents have 76.5 fixed phones, mobile phones, 73.1. Household consumption is the development of modern information network era.

three decades through thick and thin, three years of vicissitudes. Changde City of reform and opening to the booming economy of the people lived a happy life. Looking ahead, we have reason to believe, Changde tomorrow will be better.